Cloves are used in the cuisine of Asian, African, and the Near and Middle East countries, lending flavor to meats, curries, and marinades, as well as fruit such as apples, pears or rhubarb. Cloves may be used to give aromatic and flavor qualities to hot beverages, often combined with other ingredients such as lemon and sugar. They are a common element in spice blends such as pumpkin pie spice and speculoos spices.
Pigeon peas are an important legume crop. The Indian subcontinent, eastern Africa and Central America, are the world's three main pigeon pea-producing regions. The dried peas may be sprouted briefly, then cooked, for a flavour different from the green or dried peas.